Community Association Act
Utah Code Title 57, Chapter 8a
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The below is not updated with new changes to the law after 2018!
57-8a-102. Definitions.
As used in this chapter:
(1) (a) "Assessment" means a charge imposed or
levied:
(i) by the
association;
(ii) on or
against a lot or a lot owner; and
(iii)
pursuant to a governing document recorded with the county recorder.
(b) "Assessment" includes:
(i) a
common expense; and
(ii) an
amount assessed against a lot owner under Subsection 57-8a-405(7).
(2) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (2)(b),
"association" means a corporation or other legal entity, any member
of which:
(i) is an
owner of a residential lot located within the jurisdiction of the association,
as described in the governing documents; and
(ii) by
virtue of membership or ownership of a residential lot is obligated to pay:
(A)
real property taxes;
(B)
insurance premiums;
(C)
maintenance costs; or
(D)
for improvement of real property not owned by the member.
(b) "Association" or "homeowner
association" does not include an association created under Title 57,
Chapter 8, Condominium Ownership Act.
(3) "Board meeting" means a gathering of a board, whether in person or by means of electronic communication, at which the board can take binding action.
(4) "Board of directors" or "board"
means the entity, regardless of name, with primary authority to manage the
affairs of the association.
(5) "Common areas" means property that the
association:
(a) owns;
(b) maintains;
(c) repairs; or
(d) administers.
(6) "Common expense" means costs incurred by the
association to exercise any of the powers provided for in the association's
governing documents.
(7) "Declarant":
(a) means the person who executes a declaration and
submits it for recording in the office of the recorder of the county in which
the property described in the declaration is located; and
(b) includes the person's successor and assign.
(8) "Electrical corporation" means the same as that term is defined in Section 54-2-1.
(9) "Gas corporation" means the same as that term is defined in Section 54-2-1.
(10) (a) "Governing documents" means a written
instrument by which the association may:
(i)
exercise powers; or
(ii)
manage, maintain, or otherwise affect the property under the jurisdiction of
the association.
(b) "Governing documents" includes:
(i)
articles of incorporation;
(ii)
bylaws;
(iii) a
plat;
(iv) a
declaration of covenants, conditions, and restrictions; and
(v) rules
of the association.
(11) "Independent third party" means a person that:
(a) is not related to the owner of
the residential lot;
(b) shares no pecuniary interests
with the owner of the residential lot; and
(c) purchases the residential lot in
good faith and without the intent to defraud a current or future lienholder.
(12) "Judicial foreclosure" means a foreclosure of
a lot:
(a) for the
nonpayment of an assessment; and
(b) (i) in the manner provided by law for the
foreclosure of a mortgage on real property; and
(ii) as
provided in Part 3, Collection of Assessments.
(13) "Lease" or "leasing" means regular,
exclusive occupancy of a lot:
(a) by a person or persons other than the owner; and
(b) for which the owner receives a consideration or
benefit, including a fee, service, gratuity, or emolument.
(14) "Limited common areas" means common areas
described in the declaration and allocated for the exclusive use of one or more
lot owners.
(15) "Lot" means:
(a) a lot, parcel, plot, or other division of land:
(i)
designated for separate ownership or occupancy; and
(ii) (A)
shown on a recorded subdivision plat; or
(B)
the boundaries of which are described in a recorded governing document; or
(b) (i) a unit in a condominium association if the
condominium association is a part of a development; or
(ii) a
unit in a real estate cooperative if the real estate cooperative is part of a
development.
(16) (a) “Means of electronic communication” means an electronic
system that allows individuals to communicate orally in real time.
(b) “Means of electronic
communication” includes:
(i)
web conferencing;
(ii)
video conferencing; and
(iii)
telephone conferencing.
(17) "Mixed-use project" means a project under this chapter that has both residential and commercial lots in the project.
(18) "Nonjudicial foreclosure" means the sale of a
lot:
(a) for the nonpayment of an assessment; and
(b) (i) in the same manner as the sale of trust
property under Sections 57-1-19
through 57-1-34;
and
(ii) as
provided in Part 3, Collection of Assessments.
(19) “Period of administrative control” mean the period
during which the person who filed the association's governing documents or the
person's successor in interest retains authority to:
(a) appoint or remove members of the
association's board of directors; or
(b) exercise power or authority
assigned to the association under the association’s governing documents.
(20) “Rentals" or “rental lot" means:
(a) a lot that:
(i) is not owned by an entity or trust; and
(ii) is occupied by an individual while the lot owner is not occupying the lot as the lot owner's primary residence; or
(b) an occupied lot owned by an entity or trust, regardless of who occupies the lot.
(21) "Residential lot" means a lot, the use of which is limited by law, covenant, or otherwise to primarily residential or recreational purposes.
(22) "Solar energy system" means:
(a) a system that is used to produce electric energy from sunlight; and
(b) the components of the system described in Subsection (22)(a).
Enacted 2004, ch. 153. Amended:
2011, ch. 355;
2013, ch’s 95, 152, effective May 14, 2013;
2015, ch.’s 22, 387, 213, 34, 325, eff. May 12, 2015 (as of May 12, 2015, definitions of “electrical corporation,” “gas corporation,” “means of electronic communication,” “period of administrative control,” and “rentals” added) and eff. July 1, 2015 (as of July 1, 2015, definition of “rentals” deleted, definition of “meeting” added);
2017, ch.'s 131, 424, eff. May 9, 2017.